High Fens: unique Nature in every Season

The High Fens (Hautes Fagnes) in eastern Belgium offer nature lovers and adventurers impressive landscapes. Part of the High Fens-Eifel Nature Park, this region stretches from the picturesque Belgian towns of Eupen, Spa, and Malmedy in the province of Liège to beyond the German border.

Large areas of the region are raised bogs, which is where its name originates. At 694 meters above sea level, Botrange is both the highest point in the High Fens and the highest mountain in Belgium.

With its vast moorlands, dense coniferous forests, and rare plant and animal species, the High Fens are a paradise for hikers, nature enthusiasts, and photographers. Additionally, the region features several noteworthy reservoirs, such as the Gileppe Dam in Jalhay and the Weser Dam in Eupen.

Geology, Vegetation and Wildlife

The area is characterized by its unique geology and vegetation. The raised bog, one of the oldest and largest of its kind in Europe, was formed during the last Ice Age and has developed over thousands of years. Its defining features are extensive peatlands covered with heather, cotton grass, and mosses, as well as abundant water that flows throughout the region.

Beyond its natural beauty, the High Fens are also a significant refuge for rare animal species. Ornithologists will be thrilled by the diversity of birdlife, including cranes, black storks, and hen harriers. Foxes, deer, and wild boars also inhabit the area and can sometimes be spotted with a bit of luck.

A highlight of the High Fens is the extraordinary tranquility that prevails in this pristine natural environment. Visitors can explore the sensitive ecosystem on wooden boardwalks, known as “plank trails”, without causing harm. These trails are a hallmark of the region and lead to some of the most stunning viewpoints.

Discover the High Fens

For visitors, there are numerous ways to experience the area. At the heart of the High Fens lies the Botrange Nature Center, which serves as an information and educational hub. Here, guests can learn about the history, geology, and ecosystem of the moorland. Guided hikes are also offered, where experts provide fascinating insights into the flora and fauna. However, the High Fens are equally suited to independent exploration, thanks to countless well-marked hiking trails.

The High Fens are a year-round experience. Spring attracts visitors with blooming nature, summer offers cooler temperatures in the moorland for extended hikes, autumn dazzles with its vibrant colors, and winter transforms the area into a snow-covered fairytale land.

The climate is harsh by West European standards, with abundant clouds, rain, and snow. The Ardennes heights are the first mountain range to encounter moist Atlantic air from the west. On average, there are about 220 to 230 days of precipitation annually, with fog occurring on 160 to 180 days and snow cover lasting about 70 to 80 days. Despite the generally wet climate, longer dry periods can sometimes occur, especially in spring and early summer, which can lead to peat fires in extreme cases.

Most snow falls between December and March, the local peak season for winter sports. However, a thin snow cover has occasionally been observed on the Fens plateau as early as October or as late as May.

My personal Favorites

“Signal de Botrange” is Belgium’s highest point, located on a plateau. A visit is particularly worthwhile in winter, though warm clothing is recommended. A walk through snow, frozen coniferous forests, and dense fog is a unique experience. Afterward, you can relax in one of the area’s charming inns. Popular spots include Le Signal de Botrange, Le Mont Rigi, and La Baraque Michel.

In sunny, dry weather, regardless of the season, I particularly recommend the “Domaine de Berinzenne” near Spa and the “Brackvenn” in Eupen. On sunny days, the Domaine de Berinzenne evokes a sense of an African savanna – just without the giraffes. At the center of the park, which features several walking circuits, there’s a beautiful, freely accessible observation tower. The Brackvenn trail primarily takes you over wooden boardwalks, sometimes right through deep blue waters.

The Gileppe Dam in Jalhay is impressive in its own right but is further enhanced by a high observation tower with two elevators, a panoramic restaurant, and various recreational offerings such as a climbing park and bike rentals.